pinyin4j的主页:http://pinyin4j.sourceforge.net/
pinyin4j能够根据中文字符获取其对应的拼音,而且拼音的格式可以定制。
pinyin4j是一个支持将中文转换到拼音的Java开源类库。
支持简体中文和繁体中文字符;
支持转换到汉语拼音,通用拼音, 威妥玛拼音(威玛拼法), 注音符号第二式, 耶鲁拼法和国语罗马字;
支持多音字,即可以获取一个中文字符的多种发音;
支持多种字符串输出格式,比如支持Unicode格式的字符ü和声调符号(阴平 "ˉ",阳平"ˊ",上声"ˇ",去声"ˋ")的输出。
导入pom依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.belerweb/pinyin4j --> <dependency> <groupId>com.belerweb</groupId> <artifactId>pinyin4j</artifactId> <version>2.5.1</version> </dependency>
工具类(不支持多音字,多音字请看下面工具类):
package com.allen.common.utils; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.PinyinHelper; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinCaseType; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinOutputFormat; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinToneType; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinVCharType; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.exception.BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination; import java.util.regex.Pattern; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; /** * 汉字转换位汉语拼音首字母/全拼 * * @author allen * @date 2023-02-10 */ public class ChineseUtils { private static final String CHINESE_PATTERN = "[\u4e00-\u9fa5]"; private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ChineseUtils.class); /** * 汉字转换位汉语拼音首字母,英文字符不变 * * @param chinese 汉字 * @return 拼音 */ public static String convertChineseToFirstSpell(String chinese) { StringBuilder pinyinName = new StringBuilder(); char[] nameChar = chinese.toCharArray(); HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat(); defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE); defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE); for (char c : nameChar) { if (Pattern.matches(CHINESE_PATTERN, c + "")) { try { pinyinName.append(PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray( c, defaultFormat)[0].charAt(0)); } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) { logger.error("文字转拼音失败" + e); } } else { pinyinName.append(c); } } return pinyinName.toString(); } /** * 汉字转换成汉语拼音全拼,英文字符不变 * * @param chinese 汉字 * @return 拼音 * @author you chou */ public static String convertChineseToFullSpell(String chinese) { StringBuilder pinyinName = new StringBuilder(); char[] nameChar = chinese.toCharArray(); HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat(); defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE); defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE); defaultFormat.setVCharType(HanyuPinyinVCharType.WITH_V); for (char c : nameChar) { if (Pattern.matches(CHINESE_PATTERN, c + "")) { try { pinyinName.append(PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray( c, defaultFormat)[0]); } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) { logger.error("文字转拼音失败" + e); } } else { pinyinName.append(c); } } return pinyinName.toString(); } public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(convertChineseToFirstSpell("123qw江苏省徐州市")); System.out.println(convertChineseToFullSpell("123qw江苏省徐州市")); } }
输出:
123qwjssxzs 123qwjiangsushengxuzhoushi
支持多音字版本:
package com.allen.common.utils; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.PinyinHelper; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinCaseType; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinOutputFormat; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinToneType; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.exception.BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Hashtable; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; /** * 汉字转换位汉语拼音首字母/全拼 * * @author allen * @date 2023-02-10 */ public class Pinyin4jUtil { /** * 汉字转换位汉语拼音首字母,英文字符不变,特殊字符丢失 支持多音字,生成方式如(长沙市长:cssc,zssz,zssc,cssz) * * @param chines 汉字 * @return 拼音 */ public static String converterToFirstSpell(String chines) { StringBuilder pinyinName = new StringBuilder(); char[] nameChar = chines.toCharArray(); HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat(); defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE); defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE); for (char c : nameChar) { if (c > 128) { try { // 取得当前汉字的所有全拼 String[] strs = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray( c, defaultFormat); if (strs != null) { for (int j = 0; j < strs.length; j++) { // 取首字母 pinyinName.append(strs[j].charAt(0)); if (j != strs.length - 1) { pinyinName.append(","); } } } } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } else { pinyinName.append(c); } pinyinName.append(" "); } return parseTheChineseByObject(discountTheChinese(pinyinName.toString())); } /** * 汉字转换位汉语全拼,英文字符不变,特殊字符丢失 * 支持多音字,生成方式如(重当参:zhongdangcen,zhongdangcan,chongdangcen * ,chongdangshen,zhongdangshen,chongdangcan) * * @param chines 汉字 * @return 拼音 */ public static String converterToSpell(String chines) { StringBuilder pinyinName = new StringBuilder(); char[] nameChar = chines.toCharArray(); HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat(); defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE); defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE); for (int i = 0; i < nameChar.length; i++) { if (nameChar[i] > 128) { try { // 取得当前汉字的所有全拼 String[] strs = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray( nameChar[i], defaultFormat); if (strs != null) { for (int j = 0; j < strs.length; j++) { pinyinName.append(strs[j]); if (j != strs.length - 1) { pinyinName.append(","); } } } } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } else { pinyinName.append(nameChar[i]); } pinyinName.append(" "); } return parseTheChineseByObject(discountTheChinese(pinyinName.toString())); } /** * 去除多音字重复数据 */ private static List<Map<String, Integer>> discountTheChinese(String theStr) { // 去除重复拼音后的拼音列表 List<Map<String, Integer>> mapList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Integer>>(); // 用于处理每个字的多音字,去掉重复 Map<String, Integer> onlyOne = null; String[] firsts = theStr.split(" "); // 读出每个汉字的拼音 for (String str : firsts) { onlyOne = new Hashtable<String, Integer>(); String[] china = str.split(","); // 多音字处理 for (String s : china) { Integer count = onlyOne.get(s); if (count == null) { onlyOne.put(s, 1); } else { onlyOne.remove(s); count++; onlyOne.put(s, count); } } mapList.add(onlyOne); } return mapList; } /** * 解析并组合拼音,对象合并方案(推荐使用) */ private static String parseTheChineseByObject( List<Map<String, Integer>> list) { Map<String, Integer> first = null; // 用于统计每一次,集合组合数据 // 遍历每一组集合 for (Map<String, Integer> stringIntegerMap : list) { // 每一组集合与上一次组合的Map Map<String, Integer> temp = new Hashtable<String, Integer>(); // 第一次循环,first为空 if (first != null) { // 取出上次组合与此次集合的字符,并保存 for (String s : first.keySet()) { for (String s1 : stringIntegerMap.keySet()) { String str = s + s1; temp.put(str, 1); } } // 清理上一次组合数据 if (temp.size() > 0) { first.clear(); } } else { for (String s : stringIntegerMap.keySet()) { temp.put(s, 1); } } // 保存组合数据以便下次循环使用 if (temp.size() > 0) { first = temp; } } StringBuilder returnStr = new StringBuilder(); if (first != null) { // 遍历取出组合字符串 for (String str : first.keySet()) { returnStr.append(str).append(","); } } if (returnStr.length() > 0) { returnStr = new StringBuilder(returnStr.substring(0, returnStr.length() - 1)); } return returnStr.toString(); } public static void main(String[] args) { String str = "长沙市长"; String pinyin = Pinyin4jUtil.converterToSpell(str); System.out.println(str + " pin yin :" + pinyin); pinyin = Pinyin4jUtil.converterToFirstSpell(str); System.out.println(str + " short pin yin :" + pinyin); } }
输出:
长沙市长 pin yin :zhangshashichang,changshashichang,zhangshashizhang,changshashizhang 长沙市长 short pin yin :cssc,zssz,zssc,cssz